Mu byumweru bishize, nyuma y’aho abayoboye u Rwanda muri iki gihe bafatiye imyenda iremereye ku isoko mpuzamahanga, twabagejejeho impungenge zijyanye n’ingaruka zikomeye imyenda ifatwa n’ibihugu bikennye igira ku baturage, twerekana ko mu minsi iri imbere imyenda agatsiko ka FPR kamaze kugwiza igiye kuzabera umutwaro ukomeye rubanda rwari rusanzwe n’ubundi rutorohewe n’ibyemezo by’agahotoro by’abategetsi babi. Ku bw’amahirwe izi mpungenge twagaragaje zagarutsweho bihagije na bamwe mu bayobozi ba Opposition, baboneyeho gutanga ibisobanuro birambuye ku byago byugarije abanyarwanda biturutse ku kwirarira kw’ingoma ya Kagame iriho ishora igihugu mu rwababayanga. Umunyamabanga mukuru w’ishyaka RNC, Bwana Joseph Ngarambe aherutse gutanga ibisobanuro bihagije ku muntu wese ushaka kumenya ibyugarije abanyarwanda mu gihe cya vuba biturutse ku myenda FPR ishoyemo igihugu nk’uko byumvikanye kuri radiyo Itahuka, uriya muyobozi akaba akwiriye kubishimirwa byimazeyo. Birakwiye ko tugaruka ku byemezo bifatwa na FPR abaturage batabigishijwemo inama, cyane cyane ku bijyanye n’imyenda ikomeye u Rwanda rumaze kwishoramo muri iki gihe.
Ubundi ku bibazo bijyanye n’ibyemezo bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku baturage, wagombye kuba umurimo wa Sena kimwe n’inteko ishingamategeko gukumira bene ibyo byemezo bifatwa giturumbuko n’ubutegetsi nyubahirizategeko. Ariko nk’uko bizwi mu Rwanda, abadepite n’abasenateri bahindutse nk’imbwa zihabwa ikigufa hagamijwe kuzirinda kumoka, ubundi zikakibundaho zigakogoca bigatinda, zikibera za nyirambonabihita! Umudepite cyangwa Umusenateri wakumva icyo kigereranyo cyagaragara nk’igitutsi, yagombye kwerekana icyo akora mu nteko cyangwa muri senat mu gukumira ugutandukira k’ubutegetsi nyubahirizategeko. Mu gihe byagaragara ko ntacyo akora, ikigereranyo gitangwa aha cyaba gihuye n’ukuri ijana ku ijana. None se iyo abadepite babona imyenda yafashwe na leta ya FPR imaze kurenga kure urwego rw’imyenda y’igihugu yariho mbere ya 94, bumva ko ibyo bidashobora koko kugira ingaruka mbi ku mibereho y’abaturage? Kutabibona nabyo byaba ari ikimenyetso cy’ubuhumyi, kandi rero ntawe abaturage bohereza mu nteko (niba aribo babohereza koko), ngo hanyuma ajye kusinzirirayo ategereje gusa irasiyo itubutse ya buri kwezi!!!
Hari ikintu abanyarwanda bagomba guhumukirwa cyane muri iki gihe, nk’uko Umunyamabanga mukuru wa RNC yabigarutseho ku buryo burambuye: FPR mu gufata imyenda y’akayabo ku isoko mpuzamahanga, yashatse mu by’ukuri guhunga conditions zitangwa n’ikigega mpuzamahanga cy’imari ari cyo FMI, iyo icyo kigega cyamereye igihugu gufata imyenda ku nyungu ntoya cyane. Biragaragara ko mu byemezo Kagame n’agatsiko ke bashatse guhunga, harimo cyane cyane igenzura ikigega mpuzamahanga cy’imari gikora cyane cyane mu bijyanye n’intego Banque mondiale yemerera kurekura inguzanyo. Iyo ntego nta yindi ni uko Banki y’isi isaba kwerekana ko imyenda itanzwe ikoreshwa mu bikorwa bitsura amajyambere y’abaturage b’igihugu muri rusange. Dufatiye ku rugero rwa leta zabanjirije FPR, imyenda yatangwaga na Banque mondiale yakunze cyane cyane gukoreshwa mu gushyiraho imishinga izamura amajyambere y’icyaro, ku buryo buri Prefegitura (cyangwa Province) yabaga ifite byibuze umushinga umwe w’amajyambere ufitiye abaturage akamaro. Iyo mishinga icyiza cyayo, yatumaga abaturage babona imirimo, kandi igateza imbere secteur y’ubukungu ihuriweho n’abanyarwanda muri rusange, ni ukuvuga ubuhinzi n’ubworozi. Leta zabanjirije FPR ntizaburaga no kugerageza gushyiraho inganda nto n’iziciriritse mu buryo bushobotse bwose. Ibyo byatumaga secteur secondaire y’ubukungu nayo izamuka buhoro buhoro, bityo ruto ruto byagaragaraga ko arirwo rugendo.
Turebye icyo FPR yihatiye igifata ubutegetsi nk’uko n’umunyamabanga mukuru wa RNC yabigarutseho, habaye gushora amafranga y’igihugu mu bikorwa byo kwibonekeza, bamwe bahimbye izina ry’agaciro. Ngibyo ibizu bikora mu nyenyeri bizamurwa Kigali, ariko ukaba wakwibaza icyo ibyo bizu muri rusange bikorerwamo kizamura ku bukungu n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage kikakuyobera. Hafatiwe urugero ku nyubako ivugwa muri iki gihe ko izatwara akayabo katagira ingano k’amafranga ariyo bise Convention center, ku witegereza aribaza niba ikizu nk’icyo mu guhinduka urwobo rurya amafranga atagira ingano hari icyo bizamura ku mibereho y’abaturage, bityo nk’uko Bwana Ngarambe abisobanura, FPR ishora mu by’ukuri mu mishinga y’ikuzo gusa nayo itizwe neza, bigaragazwa n’imyenda ihenze u Rwanda rwishoyemo cyane muri iyi minsi.
Kuri iyi Leta ya FPR, rimwe mu mabwiriza ya FMI yagerageje kubahirizwa mu rwego rwo kwemererwa imfashanyo n’inguzanyo zidahenze, byabaye cyane cyane kimwe mubyo economie du marché isaba ibihugu bifashwa, aribyo kwitabira privatisation. Ni ukuvuga kureka abikorera ku giti cyabo bagafata entreprises za leta, kuko ibyo bituma habaho ubushake bwo gukora mu baturage. Ariko uko FPR yakoze iyo privatisation biratangaje. Mu byukuri iyo Ikigega mpuzamahanga cy’imari gisaba privatisation nk’imwe mu miti yo kuzamura ubukungu (bise chock therapie, d’après l’ecole de Chicago), giteganya ko abaturage babanza kuhababarira, kubera ko antreprises zegurirwa abikorera ku giti cyabo, bityo leta ntibe igishoramo amafranga. Bisobanura ko iyo entreprises zigize ibibazo, abakozi bashobora kwirukanwa, mu gihe izo antreprises ziri mu maboko ya leta zo iyo zigize ibibazo leta ishoramo bityo imirimo ikagumaho. Gusa nk’uko biboneka kuva FPR yafata igihugu, amashyirahamwe y’abikorera ku giti cyabo mu rwego rwa privatisation mu by’ukuri yinjiye mu minwe y’ishyaka riri ku butegetsi ariryo FPR, noneho kubera ko izo entreprises zikorera agatsiko inyungu zose zikajya mu maboko y’abantu bake, hanyuma kandi leta (iri mu maboko y’iryo shyaka), igakomeza gushoramo amafaranga ku buryo butemewe. Mbese Entreprises mu rwego rwa privatisation zabaye ahubwo umuyoboro wa leta ya FPR wo gukomeza kunyererezamo umutungo w’igihugu wigira mu mufuka w’abantu babariye ku ntoki!
Mu gihe FMI isaba ko amabwiriza yayo ajyana no gushyiraho inzego za politiki zijyanye n’ubukungu bushingiye ku isoko, arizo kwemera ubwisanzure na demokarasi mu gihgu ari nayo nkingi ituma ibikorwa by’abikorera ku giti cyabo bishoboka, ibyo FPR byarayinaniye kuko yahisemo ahubwo kuniga uburenganzira bwa buri muntu mu buryo bushobotse bwose. Nyuma y’ibyo byabonekaga ko Ikigega mpuzamahanga kidashobora gukomeza kwishingira bene iyo mikorere, ari nayo mpamvu FPR isa n’iyashatse kwishitura ku bugenzuzi bw’inzego mpuzamahanga zigenga imari, uba ikaba iri gufata imyenda ihenze ku masoko mpuzamahanga.
Nk’uko Umuyobozi wa RNC yabigarutseho kandi agatanga ingingo zifite ireme, nta garanties kugeza ubu FPR itanga zo kuzabasha kwishyura imyenda yo ku isoko mpuzamahanga, uretse ibifitirano byahimbwe mu rwego rwo gusaba icyizere kitariho, bumvisha abashoramari ko U Rwanda ruzamuka uko bwije uko bukeye mu bukungu. None se igihugu kizamuka mu bukungu, secteurs z’ubukungu z’ibanze zarakwamye? Dufatiye ku rwego rw’ibanze rujyanye n’ubuhinzi, ubworozi, umutungo kamere ndetse n’ubukerarugendo, urareba ugasanga kugeza iki gihe nk’amabuye y’agaciro u Rwanda rwerekana ko rucukura aturuka ahubwo mu bihugu by’ibituranyi (pour ne pas dire ko ari amibano!). None se u Rwanda ruzakomeza gushora intambara mu bihugu by’ibituranyi rukurikiyeyo umutungo wabyo, ibyo bizageza he? Ikindi ni uko mu by’ukuri amajyambere nyakuri y’igihugu agomba gushingira ku kuzamura urwego rw’inganda, ibyo iyo ukurikiye kandi usanga icyo FPR yakoze muri ubwo buryo biteye kumirwa, kuko n’inganda yasanzeho yagerageje kuzimunga mu rwego rwa privatisation idasobanutse nk’uko bigaragara. Hanyuma ku rwego rw’amabanki n’izindi nzego zihanitse z’ubukungu, tuzi neza ko ibyo bidashobora kuzamuka iyo inzego z’ibanze zitubahirijwe!
Muri rusange FPR ntiyashoye ikinyoma ku isi yose mu rwego rwa politiki gusa, ahubwo no mu rwego rw’ubukungu ikinyoma nicyo gikora, ku buryo amajyambere avugwa ari nyirarureshwa. Imyenda ifatwa muri iki gihe biraboneka ko izabera umutwaro ukomeye abaturage. Guhuma amaso abantu ko hagiye kubakwa urugomero rw’amashyanyarazi kuri Nyabarongo ruzatwara 5 % ku mwenda wasabwe, ni icyerekana ko imyenda FPR ifata muri iki gihe itari mu nyungu z’abaturage, ahubwo ko ikigamijwe muri iyi myenda ari ukongera umufuka w’agatsiko kari ku butegetsi gusa. Ikindi kandi n’urwo rugomero ruvugwa nta kigaragaza ko uwo mushinga rukumbi ufitiye inyungu abaturage muri iyo myenda utazanyerezwa n’abahagarariye agatsiko. Bityo abaturage bakwiye kuba maso bagahumuka, bakumva ko mu rwego rwo kwishyura imyenda ihenze itanabafitiye akamaro aribo bagiye kuzabyishyura mu misoro y’agatunambwene FPR izashyiraho byanze bikunze kugira ngo imyenda isabwa ishingiye ku kinyoma ibashe kwishyurwa. Kugira ngo ibyo abaturage bazabyirengere bagombye kubaza mbere na mbere niba icyama cyiteguye koroshya ingoyi y’akarengane. Bitabaye ibyo abaturage bagombye gutangira ubu gusaba FPR kubaga ikifasha, ikabasubiza ubutegetsi yabambuye ahasigaye igashaka aho ijya kwirwariza n’imyenda yayo!!!
La Rédaction, Le Médiateur